Vegetable

The noun vegetable means an edible plant or part of a plant, but usually excludes seeds and most sweet fruit. This typically means the leaf, stem, or root of a plant. In a non-biological sense, the meaning of this word is largely based on culinary and cultural tradition. Therefore, the application of the word is somewhat arbitrary and subjective. For example, some people consider mushrooms to be vegetables even though they are not biologically plants, while others consider them a separate food category. Some vegetables can be consumed raw, some may be eaten cooked, and some must be cooked in order to be edible. Vegetables are most often cooked in savory or salty dishes. However, a few vegetables are often used in desserts and other sweet dishes, such as rhubarb pie and carrot cake. A number of processed food items available on the market contain vegetable ingredients and can be referred to as "vegetable derived" products. These products may or may not maintain the nutritional integrity of the vegetable used to produce them. Examples of vegetable-derived products are ketchup, tomato sauce, and vegetable oils.
 

Read More

Laksamana Cheng Ho

Cheng Ho atau Zheng He (Hanzi tradisional:鄭和, Hanzi sederhana: 郑和 , Hanyu Pinyin: Zhèng Hé, Wade-Giles: Cheng Ho; nama asli: 马三宝 Hanyu Pinyin: Ma Sanbao; nama Arab: Haji Mahmud Shams) (1371 - 1433), adalah seorang pelaut dan penjelajah Tiongkok terkenal yang melakukan beberapa penjelajahan antara tahun 1405 hingga 1433.

Read More

Insects

Insects (from Latin insectum, a calque of Greek ἔντομον [éntomon], "cut into sections") are a class of living creatures within the arthropods that have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax, and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes, and two antennae. They are among the most diverse groups of animals on the planet, including more than a million described species and representing more than half of all known living organisms. The number of extant species is estimated at between six and ten million, and potentially represent over 90% of the differing metazoan life forms on Earth.Insects may be found in nearly all environments, although only a small number of species occur in the oceans, a habitat dominated by another arthropod group, the crustaceans.The life cycles of insects vary but most hatch from eggs. Insect growth is constrained by the inelastic exoskeleton and development involves a series of molts. The immature stages can differ from the adults in structure, habit and habitat and can include a passive pupal stage in those groups that undergo complete metamorphosis. Insects that undergo incomplete metamorphosis lack a pupal stage and adults develop through a series of nymphal stages.The higher level relationship of the hexapoda is unclear. Fossilized insects of enormous size have been found from the Paleozoic Era, including giant dragonflies with wingspans of 55 to 70 cm (22–28 in). The most diverse insect groups appear to have

Read More

Arthropoda

Arthropoda is the phylum of the greatest in the world of animals and include insects , spiders , shrimp and other similar animals. Arthropods commonly found in marine, freshwater, land and air environments, including various symbiotic and parasitic forms. Nearly 90% of all known species of animals are arthropods.

Characteristics that distinguish the phylum arthropods were: body segmented, the segments usually unite into two or three clear areas, segmented limbs in pairs (Originally naming Arthropoda), bilateral symmetry, berkitin exoskeleton. Flow periodically and updated as the growth of animals, such as pipes alimentari canal with mouth and anus, open circulatory system, blood vessels are normally only tangible dorsal structures such as a pipe to channel alimentar with lateral openings in the abdomen, the body cavity; a blood cavity or hemosol and coelomic reduced. The nervous system consists of an anterior ganglion or brain located above the canal.

Read More

Geography

"The Blue Marble" photograph of Earth,
taken from Apollo 17

Geography (from Greek γεωγραφία - geographia, lit. "earth describe-write") is the science that studies the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of Earth. A literal translation would be "to describe or write about the Earth". The first person to use the word "geography" was Eratosthenes (276-194 BC). Four historical traditions in geographical research are the spatial analysis of natural and human phenomena (geography as a study of distribution), area studies (places and regions), study of man-land relationship, and research in earth sciences. Nonetheless, modern geography is an all-encompassing discipline that foremost seeks to understand the Earth and all of its human and natural complexities—not merely where objects are, but how they have changed and come to be. Geography has been called "the world discipline" and "the bridge between the human and the physical science". Geography is divided into two main branches: human geography and physical geography.

Read More