Exercise
5a: Transforming data
About transforming data
A spatial
adjustment transformation is used to convert the coordinates of a layer from
one location to another. This involves scaling, shifting, and rotating features
based on displacement links defined by the user.
Transformations
are applied uniformly to all features in a feature class and are often used to
convert data created in digitizer units into real-world units represented on a
map. This exercise will show you how to apply a transformation based on
displacement links that you will create. This transformation will move, scale,
and rotate two feature classes containing parcel and building features into
alignment with another set of parcel and building feature classes. You might
use this technique to adjust data that was digitized or imported into a
temporary feature class in preparation for copying and pasting the features
into your database. You will also learn how to specify which features to
adjust, preview the adjustment, and view a link table.
Spatial
adjustments are based on displacement links. These are special graphic elements
that represent the source and destination locations for an adjustment.
Setting up the data and transformation options
Prerequisite:
Start
ArcMap and display the Editor, Snapping, and Spatial Adjustment toolbars.
Steps:
1. Click
the Open button on the Standard toolbar.
2.
Navigate to the Transform.mxd map
document located in the \Editing\SpatialAdjustment directory where you
installed the tutorial data. (C:\ArcGIS\ArcTutor is the default location.)
3. Click
the map and click Open.
4. If you
still have the map document open from the previous exercise and are prompted to
close it, you can do so without saving your changes.
5. Click
the Editor menu on the Editor toolbar
and click Start Editing.
6. Close
the Create
Features window. You will not need it in this exercise. Before you start
adding links, you should set your snapping environment so each link you add snaps
to the vertices of features.
7. Ensure
vertex snapping is enabled. If it is not, click Vertex
Snapping on the Snapping
toolbar.
Applying a transformation
Spatial
adjustment allows you to adjust a selected set of features or all the features
in a layer. This setting is available on the Choose Input For Adjustment dialog
box. The default is to adjust a selected set of features.
Steps:
1. You need to choose
whether to adjust a selected set of features or all the features in a layer.
Click the Spatial Adjustment menu on the Spatial Adjustment toolbar and click Set Adjust Data.
2. Click All features in these layers.
3. Uncheck the SimpleBuildings and SimpleParcels layers, keep the NewBuildings and NewParcels layers
checked, then click OK.
4. Now that you have
determined which features will be adjusted, the next step is to choose an adjustment
method. Click the Spatial Adjustment menu,
point to Adjustment Methods, then click Transformation - Similarity to set the adjustment
method.
Adding displacement links
Displacement links
define the source and destination coordinates for an adjustment. Displacement
links can be created manually or loaded from a link file.
In this exercise, you
will create your own displacement links from the exterior corners of the
NewParcels layer to the corresponding locations in the SimpleParcels layer.
Steps:
1. Click Bookmarks and
click Transform.
2. Click the New Displacement Link tool on the Spatial Adjustment toolbar.
3. Snap to a
from-point in the source layer and a to-point in the target layer.
4. Continue to create
additional links as shown below. For this exercise, you will have a total of
four displacement links when you are finished.
Adjusting the data
Steps:
1. Click the Spatial Adjustment menu and click Adjustment Preview to examine the
adjustment.
The preview allows
you to see an adjustment prior to actually performing it. If the results of the
adjustment are not adequate, you can modify the links to improve the accuracy
of the adjustment.
2. Click View Link Table on the Spatial Adjustment toolbar. The link
table provides information about link coordinates, link IDs, and RMS errors. Right-clicking
a link record opens a shortcut menu. You can edit link coordinates, flash
links, zoom and pan to selected links, and delete links with these commands. If
the RMS error for this adjustment is not acceptable, you can modify the links
to increase the accuracy.
The preview window
and link table are designed to help you fine-tune your adjustment.
The final step of the
spatial adjustment process is to perform the adjustment.
3. Click the Spatial Adjustment menu and click Adjust.
The adjusted data
looks like this:
4. Click
the Editor menu on the Editor toolbar
and click Stop Editing.
5. Click Yes to save your edits.
6. Close
ArcMap if you are done working with the tutorial. You do not need to save the
map document.
7. To
continue to the next exercise, Exercise 5b:
Rubbersheeting data.
In this
exercise, you learned how to set your data for an adjustment, create
displacement links, preview the adjustment, and adjust the data.
0 comments:
Post a Comment